Cynogale bennettii (Gray 1936, snout-rump length 70-80cm) is the extant otter civet. This nocturnal web-footed swimmer can also climb trees.

Fossa fossana (Müller 1776, Gray 1864, snout-rump length up to 47cm + 20cm tail) is the extant Malagasy or striped civet. This Madagascar predator nests with Eupleres in the LRT.

Eupleres major (Doyère 1835 snout-rump length up to 65cm + 25cm tail) is the extant (but nearing extinction) Western falanouc, a purported mongoose from Madagascar. Here it nests as a member of the Carnivora along with Fossa and Paraenhydrocyon. Note the elongate premaxilla, the gracile mandible, the reduced canine and other traits common to both. Diet of worms, slugs, snails. A single young is born in a burrow and can travel with the mother within two days. Madagascar separated from other continental masses in the Late Jurassic 155 mya.

Acrophoca longirostris (Muizon 1981, Late Miocene. 1.5m) is the 'swan neck seal'. According to Wikipedia, "It was thought to have been the ancestor of the modern leopard seal; however, it is now thought to be a species of monk seal. Its teeth were built for piercing, implying a diet consisted primarily of fish. However, it also had interdigitated tooth cusps causing the teeth on the upper jaw to fit with the teeth of the lower jaw, which is consistent with filter feeders. Unlike other earless seals, Acrophoca had a long and flexible neck, with an elongated body. The orientation of the pelvis, which in comparison to modern earless seals is everted, as well as adaptations to the hind limbs suggest that swimming was mainly powered by the back flippers."

Here Acrophoca nests with extant Eupleres (above), so may be convergent with extant seals and sea lions. Note the large naris and small orbit.